Yini Eyenza Ukwelashwa Nge-Infrared Light Kuhluke Ekwelashweni Nge-Red Light?

Siyakwamukela. Ukufunda imizuzu emibili owawucabanga ukuthi lokhu kuzoba yikho sekuzokhula kube ukuhlola okujulile nokufinyelelekayo okucacisa ukuthi yini eyenza ukwelashwa kokukhanya kwe-infrared kuhluke ekwelashweni kokukhanya okubomvu. Uma wake wazibuza ukuthi isibani esisetshenziswa yi-therapist yakho sihlukile ngempela kudivayisi ebomvu ephathwayo ethengiswa kubathengi, noma ukuthi ubude obude be-wavelength busho imiphumela engcono yini, lesi sihloko sizokuqondisa ngesayensi, izinhlelo zokusebenza, ukuphepha, kanye nokukhetha okusebenzayo—ngaphandle kwamagama alula akushiya udidekile kakhulu.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumthengi onesithakazelo ocabanga ngokuthenga idivayisi ekhaya, udokotela onquma ukuthi yini okufanele ayifake emtholampilo wakho, noma umuntu olula ekulimaleni ofuna ukwelashwa okuhambisanayo, izingxenye ezilandelayo zihlukanisa imibono eyinkimbinkimbi ibe ukuqhathanisa okuqondile kanye nokuqonda okuwusizo. Lindela ukuqhathanisa okucacile, isiqondiso sangempela sokukhetha amadivayisi, kanye nokubuka okusekelwe kulokho ucwaningo lwamanje kanye nomkhuba wezokwelapha okusikiselayo mayelana nokuthi kufanele kusetshenziswe nini ukukhanya okubomvu, ukukhanya kwe-infrared, noma kokubili.

Izisekelo zokwelapha ngokukhanya nokuthi ama-wavelength ahluka kanjani

Ukwelashwa kokukhanya, okubizwa nangokuthi i-photobiomodulation (PBM), kusebenzisa ubude besikhathi obuthile bokukhanya ukukhiqiza imiphumela ezuzisayo ngokwebhayoloji emaseli nasezicutshini. Embindini wawo, umehluko phakathi kokukhanya okubomvu nokukhanya kwe-infrared wehlela kubude besikhathi—ukukhanya okubomvu kuhlala ku-spectrum ebonakalayo (cishe ama-nanometer angu-620-700), kuyilapho ukukhanya kwe-infrared kuthatha ubude besikhathi obude, obuvame ukuhlukaniswa bube yi-near-infrared (NIR, cishe ama-nanometer angu-700-1100) kanye ne-mid-to-far-infrared (ubude besikhathi obude obusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kokushisa). Lokhu kungafani kobude besikhathi kunquma ukuthi ukukhanya kuhlangana kanjani nezicubu zezinto eziphilayo, ukuthi ukukhanya kungena kude kangakanani, nokuthi yiziphi izingxenye zamaseli ezikudonsela kakhulu.

Ukukhanya okubomvu kubonakala emehlweni futhi kuvame ukumuncwa kalula yi-chromophores ezicutshini ezingajulile njengesikhumba, ama-follicle ezinwele, kanye nemithambo yegazi engajulile. Ngenxa yokuthi lawa maza okukhanya ayabonakala, asetshenziswa kakhulu kwezokwelapha isikhumba kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimonyo lapho imiphumela engaphezulu—njengokuthuthukisa ukuthungwa kwesikhumba, ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala, noma ukuthuthukisa ukuphulukiswa kwamanxeba—kuyimigomo eyinhloko. Ukukhanya kwe-infrared, njengoba kungabonakali, kungena ngokujulile. I-Near-infrared ifinyelela ngaphansi kobuso iye ezingqimbeni zemisipha, amalunga, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho namathambo, yingakho i-NIR ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuqondisa ubuhlungu bemisipha, ukulimala kwezicubu ezithambile ezijulile, kanye nokukhuthaza ukululama ezakhiweni ezingafinyelelwanga ukukhanya okubomvu okubonakalayo.

Ngale kokungena, ama-spectra okumunca ama-molecule eseli abalulekile. Ama-wavelength abomvu naseduze kwe-infrared angamuncwa yizingxenye zochungechunge lokuphefumula lwe-mitochondrial—ikakhulukazi i-cytochrome c oxidase—edlala indima ekukhiqizweni kwamandla eseli. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kahle kwawo kanye nokujula asebenza ngakho kuyahlukahluka. Ama-wavelength abomvu amafushane avame ukubanjwa ngokunganaki, kuyilapho ama-wavelength amade e-NIR edlula ukumuncwa okunganaki ukuze afinyelele izicubu ezijulile lapho angathonya khona amaseli emisipha, imicu yezinzwa, kanye nezinye izakhiwo ezijulile.

Ukuqina kanye nomthamo kuyimingcele ebalulekile esebenzisana nobude besikhathi. Ukukhanya (amandla ngendawo ngayinye) kanye nobuningi bamandla (amandla aphelele alethwayo) kuhlanganiswe nesikhathi sokwelashwa kunquma umthamo. Idivayisi ebizayo engena ngokujulile enamandla alinganiselwe ingase ingasebenzi kahle kunomthombo wokukhanya obomvu onamandla osetshenziswa ngokufanele esihlokweni esingaphezulu. Ngokufanayo, amaphethini okushaya kanye nemvamisa yokwelapha kuthinta imiphumela. Ngakho-ke, ubude besikhathi buwumehluko oyisisekelo, kodwa ukuqonda ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kudinga ukucabangela ukwakheka kwedivayisi, umthamo, kanye nezicubu ezihlosiwe ezihlosiwe ndawonye.

Okokugcina, ukuzwela kweso lomuntu kanye nendlela umzimba obona ngayo ukwelashwa kuyahluka. Izikhathi zokukhanya okubomvu zivame ukwenzeka ngokubona futhi zingazizwa zifudumele; ukwelashwa kwe-NIR akubonakali futhi kungase kuzizwe kufudumele lapho kusetshenziswa amandla aphezulu, kodwa abasebenzisi abakuboni ukukhanya. Lo mehluko wezinzwa uthinta indlela amaphrothokholi aklanywe ngayo kanye nendlela iziguli ezithola ngayo ukwelashwa. Sekukonke, i-physics eyisisekelo kanye ne-biology yamaza okukhanya kubeka isiteji, kodwa ukuhunyushwa kwazo ekukhetheni ukwelashwa kuncike enkingeni yezokwelapha, izici zedivayisi, kanye nomthamo oqaphile.

Izindlela zebhayoloji: indlela amangqamuzana asabela ngayo kubomvu vs ku-infrared

Kokubili ukukhanya okubomvu nokuseduze kwe-infrared kulawula imiphumela yezinto eziphilayo ngezinqubo ze-photochemical kanye ne-photophysical kunokuba kube ngomonakalo wokushisa (uma kusetshenziswa kahle). Umqondo oyinhloko ukuthi ama-photon okukhanya asebenzisana nama-chromophores angaphakathi kweseli—ama-molecule amunca ubude be-wavelength ethile—okuholela ekushintsheni kokubonisana kweseli, ukubonakaliswa kwezakhi zofuzo, kanye nomsebenzi we-metabolic. Ngenkathi kukhona ukufana okukhulu ezindleleni phakathi kokukhanya okubomvu kanye ne-NIR, umehluko omncane ekumunceni, endaweni, kanye nezindlela zokubonisana ezingezansi ubangela izindima zabo ezihlukile zomtholampilo.

Inhloso eyodwa enkulu yokukhanya okubomvu kanye ne-NIR yi-mitochondrion, ikakhulukazi i-cytochrome c oxidase (i-complex IV) yeketanga lokuthuthwa kwama-electron. Lapho la ma-chromophores emunca ama-photon, ukushintshashintsha kwamandla okudlulisa ama-electron, okungakhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-ATP, kuthuthukise amandla e-mitochondrial membrane, futhi kunciphise ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umphumela oyinhloko uvame ukuthuthukiswa isimo samandla eseli kanye nokuqina. Ukukhanya okubomvu, okumuncwa ezicutshini ezingaphezulu kakhulu, kuvame ukukhuthaza amangqamuzana esikhumba, ama-fibroblast, kanye nama-keratinocyte ukukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-collagen, ukuthuthukisa ukuvalwa kwamanxeba, kanye nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala okuphezulu. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukufinyelela okujulile kwe-NIR kuyivumela ukuthi ithonye imicu yemisipha, izinzwa zangaphakathi, kanye nezicubu ezijulile ezixhumanisayo, ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwe-mitochondrial kulawo maseli futhi ikhuthaze ukulungiswa kwezicubu ekujuleni.

Enye indlela ebalulekile ihilela ukusabalalisa i-nitric oxide (NO). Amanye amaza okukhanya angakhuthaza ukukhishwa kwe-NO ezitolo zangaphakathi kwamangqamuzana, okubangela ukugeleza kwegazi, ukugeleza kwegazi okuthuthukisiwe, kanye nokuthuthukiswa komoya-mpilo kwezicubu—konke kusiza ekulungiseni nasekunciphiseni ubuhlungu. Izimpendulo zemithambo yegazi zibaluleke kakhulu lapho kwelashwa izicubu ezivuvukele noma ezilimele lapho ukwanda kokuphuma kwegazi kusheshisa ukususwa kwemfucuza kanye nokulethwa kwezakhamzimba. Nakuba kokubili ukukhanya okubomvu kanye ne-NIR kungathonya izindlela ze-NO, ukujula kokusebenza kwazo kunquma ukuthi yimiphi imibhede yemithambo yegazi kanye nezindawo ezincane zezicubu ezithinteka kakhulu.

Ukuguqulwa kokuvuvukala kuvamile kuzo zombili izindlela. Ukumuncwa kwe-photon kungashintsha amaphrofayili e-cytokine, kunciphise abaxhumanisi ababangela ukuvuvukala, futhi kwandise izimpawu zokulwa nokuvuvukala ngokwengxenye ngokusebenzisa izinguquko zokubhala. Ukuguqulwa kokuvuvukala okungaphezulu kokukhanya okubomvu kubalulekile ezimweni zesikhumba ezifana ne-acne noma i-dermatitis, kodwa ikhono le-NIR lokunciphisa izinqubo ezijulile zokuvuvukala lingasiza kakhulu ebuhlungwini bemisipha kanye ne-tendonitis.

Imiphumela yemizwa nayo iyaphawuleka. Ikhono lokukhanya kwe-infrared lokufinyelela imizwa yangaphandle futhi lize lithinte ukuvuselelwa kwe-axonal kuholele ocwaningweni lokuphathwa kobuhlungu be-neuropathic kanye nokulungiswa kwemizwa. Ukukhanya okubomvu kungathonya ukuphela kwezinzwa okungaphezulu futhi kungaguqula ukuqonda kwezinzwa ezingeni lesikhumba kodwa kuntuleka ukujula okuhambisanayo ukuze kuqondiswe imizwa emikhulu yangaphandle.

Okubalulekile, ubudlelwano phakathi komthamo kanye nemiphumela yomthamo we-biphasic kumele kuqashelwe: imithamo ephansi ingavuselela izinqubo zamaseli, kuyilapho ukuvezwa ngokweqile kungeke kuveze inzuzo noma kuvimbele imiphumela efiselekayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imingcele yokwelapha efanele iyahlukahluka ngokuya ngobude besikhathi, izicubu eziqondiwe, kanye nomgomo wezokwelapha. Okokugcina, imiphumela eminingi enenzuzo ivela ekuhlanganiseni kwemicimbi yamaseli okuqalwa ukumuncwa kwe-photon; izinguquko ze-bioenergetic ezisheshayo ziholela ekushintsheni okulandelayo kuma-molecule okubonisa izimpawu, ukubonakaliswa kwezakhi zofuzo, kanye nokwakheka kwamaprotheni, okuhumusha izimpendulo zamaseli ezibukhali zibe ukuthuthukiswa kwezicubu okuqhubekayo. Ukuqonda lezi zingqimba zemishini kucacisa ukuthi kungani izindlela ezibomvu neze-infrared zingaba ezihambisanayo kunokuba zishintshelane.

Izicelo zemitholampilo kanye nokusetshenziswa kokwelapha

Kokubili ukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu nokwe-infrared kuveze izindawo zokwelapha, ngezindawo ezihambisanayo zokusetshenziswa kanye namandla ahlukile. Ububanzi obubonakalayo bokukhanya okubomvu busebenza kahle kakhulu ezinkingeni zesikhumba kanye nezimonyo, ukuphulukiswa kwamanxeba, kanye nezimo zokuvuvukala okungaphezulu. Odokotela basebenzisa ukukhanya okubomvu ukukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-collagen, ukunciphisa izimpawu zokuguga, ukuthuthukisa ukuvuvukala okuhlobene nama-acne, kanye nokusheshisa ukuvalwa kwamanxeba angajulile noma ukusha. Amadivayisi amaningi obuhle aklanyelwe ukuvuselela isikhumba agxile kuma-wavelength abomvu ngoba akhiqiza izinguquko ezilinganiselwe emsebenzini we-dermal fibroblast kanye nokuvuselelwa kwe-collagen ngaphandle kokubhekwa njengokuhlaselayo.

Ukwelashwa nge-infrared, ikakhulukazi eduze kwe-infrared, kuthola indawo yayo kwezokwelapha ngemisipha, ekwelapheni kwezemidlalo, ekuphathweni kobuhlungu, nasekulungisweni kwezicubu ezijulile. I-infrared ingena ngezingqimba zesikhumba namafutha ukuze ifinyelele imisipha, imisipha, ama-ligaments, kanye nezindawo ze-periosteal ngezinye izikhathi. Lokhu kwenza i-NIR ibe usizo ekuphatheni i-tendonitis engapheli, ukucindezeleka kwemisipha, ukuvuvukala kwamalunga njenge-osteoarthritis, kanye nokululama ngemva kokuzilolonga. Ngokwezokwelapha, odokotela basebenzisa i-NIR ukunciphisa ubuhlungu, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokululama phakathi kokuzilolonga noma ngemva kokulimala, kanye nokuphatha izifo ezingapheli lapho kudingeka khona ukulungiswa kwezicubu okujulile.

Kukhona futhi izindlela ezihlanganisiwe lapho okubomvu nokuseduze kwe-infrared kuhlanganiswa khona. Umqondo lapha muhle: ukukhanya okubomvu kwelapha izingxenye ezingaphezulu—isikhumba, imithambo yegazi engaphezulu, ukuphela kwemizwa—kuyilapho i-NIR ibhekana nokuguquguquka kwezicubu okujulile. Isibonelo, ekwelapheni ukulimala kwe-Achilles tendon, ukukhanya okubomvu kungathuthukisa impilo yesikhumba kanye ne-tendon sheath futhi kunciphise ukuvuvukala kobuso, kuyilapho i-NIR ifinyelela enkabeni ye-tendon kanye nemisipha ezungezile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuphulukiswa nokulawula ubuhlungu. Amadivayisi amaningi esimanje afaka womabili amaza okukhanya ukuze anikeze ukwelashwa okunezingqimba ngaphakathi kweseshini eyodwa.

Ngaphandle kwe-orthopedics kanye ne-dermatology, zombili izindlela ziyahlolwa ku-neurology kanye nemithi yangaphakathi. Ukwelashwa kwe-transcranial near-infrared kuye kwathola ukunakwa ngezinzuzo zokuqonda ezingaba khona, ukuvikela i-neuro, kanye nokuguquguquka kwemizwa, ngoba amaza athile e-NIR angangena ezicutshini zekhanda ukuze athinte ama-neuron e-cortical. Ukukhanya okubomvu, ngokuphambene nalokho, kubone ukusetshenziswa ku-phototherapy kokuguquguquka kwesigqi se-circadian kanye nokushintsha kwemizwa yesizini ngenxa yethonya elibonakalayo le-spectral kumawashi ebhayoloji kanye nezindlela zokubona ukukhanya.

Ekwelashweni kwamazinyo namehlo, i-NIR esezingeni eliphansi ingasiza ekwelapheni okujulile kwe-mucosal kanye nokuqeda ubuhlungu, kuyilapho ukukhanya okubomvu kusetshenziswa ekwelapheni ubuso be-mucosa yomlomo kanye nokulawula ukuvuvukala. Imithi yezilwane isebenzisa futhi zombili izinhlobo ze-spectrum ukwelapha amanxeba, ukulimala kwemisipha, kanye nokululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa ezilwaneni, okubonisa ukusebenza kwe-photobiomodulation phakathi kwezinhlobo.

Isisekelo sobufakazi siyahlukahluka: Ukusetshenziswa kokukhanya okubomvu kwesikhumba kunezifundo zezokwelapha eziqinile ezisekela ukuthuthukiswa kwemibimbi kanye nokuphulukiswa kwamanxeba. Izicelo ze-infrared zokunciphisa ubuhlungu kanye nokululama zibonisa ithemba ngezilingo ezinhle ezingahleliwe kwezinye izimo, kodwa imiphumela ingaba engafani ngenxa yokwehluka kwemingcele yedivayisi, umthamo, kanye nomklamo wocwaningo. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kugcizelela isidingo sezinqubo ezijwayelekile kanye nokukhethwa ngokucophelela kobude be-wavelength, ukuqina, kanye nesheduli yokwelashwa elungiselelwe umgomo wezokwelapha.

Ukujula kokungena kanye nezinhloso zezicubu

Ukuqonda ukuthi ukukhanya kungena kanjani ezicutshini kubalulekile ukuze kuhambisane nokwelashwa okuhlosiwe. Ukujula kokungena kuthonywa kakhulu ubude be-wavelength kanye nokwakheka kwezicubu. Ama-wavelength amafushane abonakalayo anjengoluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ahlakazekile futhi amuncwa kakhulu esikhumbeni esingaphezulu, kuyilapho ukukhanya okubomvu kungena kakhulu kodwa kusavame ukuvalelwa ezingqimbeni eziphezulu zesikhumba kubantu abaningi. Ama-wavelength aseduze kwe-infrared, ikakhulukazi phakathi kuka-800 no-1000 nm, ahlangabezana nokusabalala okuncane nokumuncwa yi-melanin ne-hemoglobin ngakho-ke angahamba ajule emzimbeni, afinyelele ezingqimbeni zemisipha, ama-capsule amalunga, ngisho nasezindaweni zamathambo ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile.

Ngakho-ke izinhloso zezicubu zihlukaniswa ngokujula. I-epidermis kanye ne-dermis engaphezulu, okuhlanganisa izakhiwo ezifana ne-hair follicles, i-sebaceous glands, kanye ne-capillaries engaphezulu, kungcono ukubhekana nokukhanya okubomvu. Uma inhloso yokwelapha iwukungeniswa kwe-collagen, ukunciphisa imigqa emincane, noma ukwelashwa kwezilonda ze-acne ezingaphezulu, amaza okukhanya abomvu afaneleka ngoba abeka amandla lapho lezi zakhiwo zisebenza khona. Ngenxa yalokhu, amadivayisi amaningi okuhlobisa agcizelela ukukhanya okubomvu kokulungiswa kwesikhumba kanye nokulawulwa kokuvuvukala ebusweni.

Kuma-target atholakala ngamamilimitha kuya kumasentimitha ambalwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba—njenge-tendon cores, i-muscle fibers, i-joint synovia, kanye ne-peripheral nerve bundles—i-near-infrared iyindlela ekhethwayo. Ukumuncwa okuncishisiwe yi-chromophores yesikhumba kuvumela ama-photon e-NIR ukuthi afinyelele ekujuleni ngaphandle kokufaka iningi lamandla awo ngaphandle. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezigulini ezinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-melanin noma amafutha angaphansi kwesikhumba ajiyile, lapho ukumuncwa ngaphandle kunganciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhanya okubomvu. Isibonelo, ukwelapha i-rotator cuff evuvukele noma ubuhlungu bemisipha obungapheli obuphansi emuva kuzuza ngamaza obubanzi angadlula isithiyo sesikhumba ukuze akhuthaze umsebenzi ojulile we-mitochondrial futhi ashintshe ukugeleza kwegazi kwendawo.

Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi ukungena akusikho okubili; amandla ayancipha ngokujula ngokuya ngezakhiwo zokukhanya kwezicubu. Empeleni, lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuthola umthamo wokwelapha ekujuleni kungadinga ukukhanya okuphezulu noma izikhathi zokuchayeka ezinde uma kuqhathaniswa nokwelashwa okungaphezulu. Izici zedivayisi ezifana namandla okukhipha, ukuhambisana (isb., i-laser vs i-LED), ukuhlukana kwemisebe, kanye nokusetshenziswa kokuxhumana uma kuqhathaniswa nohlelo lokusebenza olungathintani kuthonya ukungena okuphumelelayo. Amadivayisi okuxhumana anciphisa igebe lomoya futhi asebenzise ama-engeli afanele angathuthukisa ukudluliselwa kwamandla ezicutshini ezijulile.

Izinto ezicatshangelwayo emitholampilo zihlanganisa nokwehluka kokwakheka kwezicubu phakathi kweziguli: izicubu zamafutha, izicubu zesilonda, umswakama, kanye nokuqina kwemithambo yegazi kungashintsha ukudluliselwa kokukhanya. Isibonelo, izicubu zesilonda zingase zingangeni kahle ekukhanyeni, okudinga ukulungiswa komthamo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoba izicubu ezijulile zidinga amandla engeziwe ukuze zithole impendulo, odokotela kumele balinganisele isidingo semithamo ephezulu ngokumelene nokuphepha, baqinisekise ukuthi ukuqongelela kokushisa kuyagwenywa lapho belapha isikhathi eside noma amandla aphezulu.

Okokugcina, amasu obude obuhlukahlukene angasetshenziswa ukudala umphumela ohlukaniswe ngezigaba: inhlanganisela ebomvu ebusweni kanye ne-NIR yezinhloso ezijulile esimisweni esisodwa ingabhekana nokulimala okuyinkimbinkimbi okubandakanya ukujula kwezicubu eziningi. Le ndlela ehlanganisiwe isebenzisa amandla e-spectrum ngayinye futhi ingaholela ekwelapheni okuphelele uma isetshenziswa ngomthamo nokuqapha okufanele.

Ukuphepha, imiphumela emibi, kanye nokuphikisana

Esinye sezici ezikhangayo zokwelapha ngokukhanya okubomvu nokwe-infrared uma kusetshenziswa ngendlela efanele iphrofayili yokuphepha efanelekile. I-Photobiomodulation ayisebenzisi i-ionizing; ayinazo izingozi ezilimaza i-DNA ezihlobene nemisebe ye-ultraviolet noma i-X-ray. Imiphumela emibi eminingi ebikiwe ilula futhi yesikhashana lapho amadivayisi esetshenziswa ngokwemigomo enconyiwe. Izikhalazo ezivamile zifaka phakathi ukufudumala okufushane endaweni, i-erythema encane, noma ukwanda kwesikhashana kobuhlungu kubantu abazwelayo - ngokuvamile okubonisa impendulo yokuqala yokuvuvukala njengoba i-physiology yezicubu ishintshela ekulungiseni.

Noma kunjalo, izinto okufanele uzicabangele ngokuphepha ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngobude besikhathi kanye nokusetshenziswa. Ngenxa yokuthi ukukhanya okubomvu kuyabonakala futhi kuvame ukusebenza ezicutshini ezingajulile, ingozi yokushisa kakhulu izakhiwo ezijulile ngokuvamile iphansi, kodwa ukuvikelwa kwamehlo kusabalulekile. Ukuchayeka ngqo ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo okubonakalayo kungaba yinto engakhululekile noma engaba yingozi emehlweni anemithombo enamandla aphezulu; ngakho-ke, izibuko noma ukugcina amehlo evaliwe ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kuyinto ejwayelekile. Kwabaseduze ne-infrared, ukungabonakali kokukhanya kungenza abasebenzisi bangaziphathi kahle; noma kunjalo, i-NIR ingafudumeza izicubu ezijulile futhi ingaba nezingozi zamehlo ngoba i-cornea ne-retina zingamunca i-NIR ngaphandle kokuphendula okusheshayo kokucwayiza. Amadivayisi ochwepheshe kanye namayunithi abathengi bavame ukuncoma izibuko zokuvikela, ikakhulukazi ekwelashweni eduze kobuso noma ekhanda.

Imiphakathi ethile idinga ukuqaphela okwengeziwe noma kufanele igweme ukwelashwa kwezinye izimo. Abantu abakhulelwe bavame ukwelulekwa ukuba bagweme ukukhanyiswa ngqo kwesisu kanye nomhlane ongezansi, njengoba imiphumela ezicutshini zengane ingakaqinisekiswa ngokugcwele. Iziguli ezinezinkinga zokuzwela ukukhanya, noma labo abathatha imithi yokuzwela ukukhanya (isb., ama-antibiotic athile, i-isotretinoin, noma i-chemotherapeutics), zingase zibe nokusabela kwesikhumba okweqile futhi kufanele zithintane nabahlinzeki ngaphambi kokwelashwa. Umdlavuza osebenzayo ungenye indawo okufanele uyiqaphele: ngenkathi i-PBM ingasekela ukulungiswa kwezicubu, ukuvuselela ukusebenza kweseli ezicutshini ezinamaseli anobungozi kungavinjelwa; odokotela bavame ukugwema ukusebenzisa i-PBM ngqo phezu kwezimila ezaziwayo futhi bathintane namaqembu e-oncology uma kudingeka.

Ukuphepha kwedivayisi kanye nekhwalithi kubalulekile. Amadivayisi angaguquguquki noma akhiwe kabi angaletha imithamo engafanele, akhiphe amazinga okushisa angaphephile, noma angabi nezici zokuphepha ezidingekayo njengezibali-sikhathi kanye nokuqapha izinga lokushisa. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi ihambisana nokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe emtholampilo futhi isetshenziswa ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe kunciphisa izingozi. Kumadivayisi asekhaya, ukulandela imiyalelo yomkhiqizi, ukugwema izikhathi ezinde noma ezivame kakhulu, kanye nokusebenzisa izinto zokuzivikela ezifanele kuyizinyathelo zokuhlakanipha.

Okokugcina, impendulo yomthamo we-biphasic isho ukuthi ukukhanya okuningi kungase kungabi usizo noma kuvimbele, kunokuba kubangele umonakalo uqobo. Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kungaholela ekuchithweni kwesikhathi kanye nezindleko futhi kunganciphisa izinzuzo ezingaba khona. Indlela ephephile ilinganisela izinqubo ezisekelwe ebufakazini, isiqondiso somkhiqizi, kanye nokulungiswa komuntu ngamunye ngokusekelwe ezimpendulweni zesiguli.

Ukukhetha amadivayisi kanye nezinto eziwusizo okufanele uzicabangele ekhaya nasemtholampilo

Ukukhetha idivayisi kudinga ukuvumelanisa imigomo, isabelomali, kanye nezidingo zezokwelapha. Okokuqala, thola ukusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe okuyinhloko: ukuvuselelwa kwesikhumba, ukunakekelwa kwamanxeba, ukululama kwezemidlalo, ubuhlungu obungapheli, noma izinkomba zemizwa kuzothinta ubude be-wavelength obufanele kanye nesici sefomu ledivayisi. Ngezinhloso zesikhumba ezingatheni, amadivayisi e-LED abomvu aphathwa ngesandla noma izinhlelo zamaphaneli ezinemiphumela engu-630-660 nm avamile, ayathengeka, futhi ayasebenza uma esetshenziswa ngomthamo ofanele. Ngezinhloso ezijulile zemisipha noma zemizwa, amadivayisi e-NIR ebanga lomtholampilo, kungaba ngamaphaneli anamandla aphezulu, ama-applicators esitayela se-probe, noma ama-laser ezokwelapha ekilasini II, afaneleka kakhulu ngoba aletha ukukhanya okuphezulu okudingekayo ukuze kuthinte izicubu ezijulile.

Amandla kanye nokukhazimula kuyizinto ezibalulekile. Amadivayisi anamandla aphezulu anganciphisa izikhathi zokwelashwa futhi athuthukise ukungena, kodwa adinga ukusetshenziswa ngokuqapha okukhulu ukuze agweme ukushisa ngokweqile. Funa imininingwane ecacile: ukukhazimula okulinganiswe ngama-milliwatts ngesentimitha lesikwele ngebanga elithile, imininingwane yobude besikhathi, kanye nezikhathi zokwelashwa ezinconywayo. Qaphela izimangalo zokumaketha ezingacacile ezibala "i-full-spectrum" noma i-non-specific red/IR blends ngaphandle kokucacisa ama-peaks noma ukukhazimula.

Inqubo yokwelashwa ibalulekile. Ukuvama kwezikhathi, ubude, kanye nenani eliphelele lokwelashwa kuvame ukuba umehluko phakathi kwemiphumela yesikhashana nehlala njalo. Ekulimaleni okukhulu, imihlangano yansuku zonke noma yansuku zonke ekuqaleni kokwelashwa ingasheshisa ukululama; ezimweni ezingamahlalakhona noma ekulungisweni kwesikhumba, uchungechunge lwemihlangano emavikini luvamile. Amadivayisi asetshenziswa ekhaya avame ukuba namandla aphansi futhi ngenxa yalokho adinga imihlangano ephindaphindwayo noma emide ukuze kufezwe imithamo enenjongo. Abasebenzisi kufanele babeke amathemba angokoqobo: ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo, okulinganiswe kahle emavikini amaningana kuvame ukudingeka ukuze kuqashelwe izinguquko ezinkulu.

Izici ezisebenzayo ezifana nosayizi, izindlela zokupholisa, ukuphatheka kalula, iwaranti, kanye nokusekelwa kwamakhasimende nazo zibalulekile. Imitholampilo ingase ibeke phambili amadivayisi anezilungiselelo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, ama-applicator amaningi, kanye namandla aqinile okwelapha iziguli eziningi ngempumelelo. Abasebenzisi basekhaya bavame ukukhetha i-ergonomics, izingidi zokuphepha, kanye nama-preset alula. Ukuhlaziywa kokusebenza kahle kwezindleko akufanele kucabangele nje intengo yedivayisi kodwa futhi nokusetshenziswa kwayo yonke impilo—amayunithi abiza kancane adinga izikhathi zansuku zonke ezinde angase angabi lula futhi angase angasebenzi kahle kunedivayisi enamandla aphezulu esetshenziswa kaningi ngaphansi kwezinqubo ezilawulwayo.

Ukuqeqeshwa kanye nemfundo akukwazi ukweqiswa. Ngisho namadivayisi aphephile adinga ukuqonda i-dosimetry eyisisekelo kanye ne-contraindications. Imitholampilo kufanele iqinisekise ukuthi abasebenzi bathola ukuqeqeshwa kwabakhiqizi futhi banamathele ezimisweni ezimisiwe. Abasebenzisi basekhaya bayazuza emiyalweni ecacile, imithamo yokuqala egcina ukugcinwa, kanye nokuhlolwa kabusha kwemiphumela njalo. Okokugcina, uma usebenzisa i-PBM njengokwelashwa okungeziwe, yihlanganise nezinye izindlela zokungenelela—ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukwelashwa ngesandla, ukwelashwa kwangaphandle—ukuze kwandiswe imiphumela; ukwelashwa okulula kuvame ukusebenza kangcono njengengxenye yendlela yezindlela eziningi kunokuba kube yinhlamvu yomlingo ezimele.

Isigaba 1 esifingqiwe:

Ukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu nokunsundu kuyizinto ezihlobene kodwa ezihlukile emkhakheni obanzi we-photobiomodulation. Umehluko oyinhloko ugxile ekwehlukeni okuqhutshwa ubude besikhathi ekungeneni kwezicubu, ukumuncwa kwe-chromophore, kanye nokuqondiswa kwezokwelapha. Ukukhanya okubomvu kuhamba phambili ezimweni ezibonakalayo, ezingacacile njengokuvuselelwa kwesikhumba kanye nokuphulukiswa kwamanxeba, kuyilapho i-near-infrared ifinyelela izicubu ezijulile ukubhekana nemisipha, imisipha, amalunga, kanye nezinhloso ezithile ze-neural. Ukuqonda lo mehluko oyisisekelo—kanye nokubaluleka komthamo, ikhwalithi yedivayisi, kanye nezinqubo zokwelapha—kusiza ukuhumusha isayensi ibe ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwezokwelapha noma kwasekhaya.

Isigaba sesi-2 esifingqiwe:

Ngokwezinto ezingokoqobo, ukukhetha phakathi kokwelashwa okubomvu nokwe-infrared kuncike emigomweni yakho yokwelashwa, ukujula kwezicubu eziqondiwe, kanye nokucatshangelwa kokuphepha. Izindlela eziningi zesimanje zihlanganisa zombili izinhlobo ukuze kufezwe izinzuzo ezihlukene, kubhekwe izakhiwo ezingaphezulu nezijulile esimisweni esihlelekile. Ngokunaka imininingwane yedivayisi, ukulandela izinqubo ezisekelwe ebufakazini, kanye nokubonisana nabahlinzeki bezempilo uma kudingeka, abasebenzisi bangasebenzisa amandla ahambisanayo okukhanya okubomvu nokwe-infrared ukusekela ukuphulukiswa, ukuqeda ubuhlungu, kanye nokuvuselelwa kwezicubu.