Isayensi Engemuva Kwamadivayisi Okwelapha Okukhanya Okubomvu Kwempilo Yesikhumba

Ukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu sekuthole ukuthandwa ngokushesha endaweni yezempilo yesikhumba, okuthembisa ukuvuselelwa, ukuphulukiswa, nokukhanya okukhazimulayo. Kusukela emahhovisi odokotela besikhumba kuya kumishini yasekhaya, lokhu kwelashwa okungahlanyisi kunikeza ithemba kulabo abafuna ukuthuthukisa isikhumba sabo ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali anokhahlo noma izinqubo ezihlaselayo. Kodwa kwenzekani ngempela ngaphansi kwamanzi lapho kusetshenziswa ukukhanya okubomvu esikhumbeni? Ukuqonda isayensi yalawa madivayisi kungasiza abasebenzisi ukuthi bakhulise izinzuzo zabo futhi basethe okulindelwe okungokoqobo.

Lesi sihloko sizocubungula izindlela zebhayoloji eziyinkimbinkimbi, izici zobuchwepheshe, kanye nokusetshenziswa okungokoqobo okwenza ukwelapha ukukhanya okubomvu kube umngcele ekunakekelweni kwesikhumba. Noma ngabe ungumthengi onelukuluku lokwazi, umshisekeli wezempilo, noma uchwepheshe ofuna ukuqonda okujulile, ukuhlola isisekelo sesayensi samadivayisi okwelapha ukukhanya okubomvu kuveza ukuthi kungani anconywa njengesixazululo esimnene, esisebenzayo sezinkinga ezihlukahlukene zesikhumba.

Okuyisisekelo Kokwelashwa Kokukhanya Okubomvu kanye Nokusebenzelana Kwesikhumba

Enhliziyweni yokwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu kukhona isimiso se-photobiomodulation, inqubo lapho ubude beza obuthile bokukhanya buhlangana nezingxenye zamangqamuzana ukuze kushukunyiswe umsebenzi webhayoloji. Ukukhanya okusetshenziswa kulezi zindlela zokwelapha ngokuvamile kusuka kuma-nanometer angaba ngu-600 kuye kwangama-700, okuhambisana ne-spectrum ebomvu yokukhanya okubonakalayo, ngezinye izikhathi okunwebeka kancane kubange eliseduze ne-infrared. Uma kufakwa esikhumbeni, lokhu kukhanya kungena ngale kwe-epidermis, kufinyelele esikhunjeni lapho kungathonya khona izakhiwo ezijulile zesikhumba.

Okuhlosiwe okuyinhloko ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana esikhumba kuvame ukuba yi-mitochondria - amandla anamandla anesibopho sokukhiqiza i-adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Ukuchayeka kokukhanya okubomvu kuholela ekusebenzeni okuthuthukisiwe kwe-mitochondrial, okubuye kukhulise ukukhiqizwa kwe-ATP. Lokhu kukhushulwa kwamandla eselula kusiza izinqubo ezihlukahlukene zokulungisa nokuvuselela. Ukwenyuka kwe-ATP kwenza amangqamuzana asebenze ngokuphumelelayo, asheshise ukuphulukiswa, futhi athuthukise ukukhiqizwa kwe-collagen. I-Collagen iyiphrotheni ebalulekile yesakhiwo enikeza isikhumba ukuqina nokunwebeka; ukuguga kanye nokulimala kwemvelo kunciphisa amazinga e-collagen, abonakale njengemibimbi nokuwohloka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhanya okubomvu kukhuthaza ukukhululwa kwe-nitric oxide, i-molecule ekhuthaza i-vasodilation futhi ithuthukise ukujikeleza kwegazi. Ukugeleza kwegazi okungcono kusho umoya-mpilo owengeziwe kanye nezakhamzimba ezilethwa esikhumbeni, okusiza ukuvuselela nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Lokhu kuxhumana phakathi kwe-metabolism yeselula kanye nokusabela kwe-vascular kugcizelela ukuthi kungani ukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu kunganciphisa ububomvu, ukuvuvukala, futhi kuthuthukise ithoni yesikhumba jikelele.

Okubalulekile, ukukhanya okubomvu akuziphathi izingozi ezihlobene nemisebe ye-ultraviolet (UV) njengokulimala kwe-DNA noma ukwanda kwengozi yomdlavuza wesikhumba, njengoba ubude bayo bude futhi bunamandla amancane. Lokhu kukwenza kube inketho ephephile yokuthuthukisa isikhumba uma kuqhathaniswa nokuchayeka elangeni okuvamile noma ukwelashwa okusekelwe kwi-UV, ukubeka ukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu njengethuluzi elithambile kodwa elinamandla ekunakekeleni isikhumba.

Izindlela Zeselula kanye nama-Photoreceptors Ahlanganiswe Ukukhanya Okubomvu

Ukujula kumishini yamaselula, ama-photoreceptors ngaphakathi kwamaseli esikhumba abalulekile ekulamuleni impendulo ekukhanyeni okubomvu. I-Cytochrome c oxidase (CCO), i-enzyme etholakala kulwelwesi lwe-mitochondrial, isebenza njenge-photoreceptor eyinhloko yokukhanya okubomvu nokuseduze kwe-infrared. Uma i-CCO idonsa ama-photon alula, ikhuthaza uchungechunge lokusabela okuthuthukisa umsebenzi wokuthutha ngama-electron, ekugcineni kuvuselele ukuhlanganiswa kwe-ATP.

Lokhu kukhuthazwa kunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative ngokumodela amazinga ezinhlobo ze-oxygen esebenzayo (ROS). Ukukhiqizwa kwe-ROS okulawulwayo kuyinkemba esika nhlangothi zombili; kuyilapho i-ROS eyeqile ingalimaza izingxenye zamangqamuzana futhi isheshise ukuguga, amanani alinganiselwe asebenza njengama-molecule abonisa izimpawu ezikhuthaza izimpendulo zokuzivikela. Ukwelashwa ngokukhanya okubomvu kusiza 'ukushuna kahle' le bhalansi, kukhuthaze ukuphila nokusebenza kwamangqamuzana anempilo.

Eceleni kwe-mitochondria, ukukhanya okubomvu kuphinde kube nomthelela kuma-fibroblasts, amaseli anesibopho sokukhiqiza amaprotheni e-collagen kanye ne-extracellular matrix (ECM). Umsebenzi othuthukisiwe we-fibroblast uphumela ekwandeni kwe-collagen synthesis kanye ne-ECM eqinile, ebalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho besakhiwo sesikhumba. Le nqubo isekela ukuphulukiswa kwesilonda futhi inciphisa ukubukeka kwezibazi nemigqa emihle.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu kushintsha ukubonakaliswa kofuzo okuhlobene nokuvuvukala nokwanda kwamaseli. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukukhuphuka kwezici zokukhula ezifana nokuguqula i-factor factor-beta (TGF-β), ekhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-collagen nokulungiswa kabusha kwezicubu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kukhona ukwehla kokulawulwa kwama-cytokines abangela ukuvuvukala, okuholela ekwehleni kokuvuvukala kanye nokulungiswa okusheshayo esikhumbeni esilimele.

Ngesilinganiso esibanzi, ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-metabolism yamandla ethuthukisiwe, ukubonakaliswa kwezakhi zofuzo, nokusayina kwamakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo okuhlelwe ukukhanya okubomvu kudala indawo evumela ukuvuselelwa kwesikhumba. Lezi zenzakalo zamaselula zichaza izinzuzo ezihlukahlukene zesikhumba ezibangelwa ukwelapha ukukhanya okubomvu, kusukela ekubusheleleni imibimbi nezibazi kuya ekuthuthukiseni ukugeleza kwamanzi nethoni.

Intuthuko Yezobuchwepheshe kanye Nomklamo Wamadivayisi Okwelapha Okukhanyayo Okubomvu

Ukusebenza kokwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu kuhlobene eduze nekhwalithi nokuklama kwamadivayisi asetshenziswayo. Imishini yesimanje yokwelapha ukukhanya okubomvu isiguquke kakhulu, isiba lula kakhulu kubasebenzisi, isebenziseka ngezindlela eziningi, futhi yathuthukiswa ngokwesayensi. Idivayisi ejwayelekile iqukethe i-light-emitting diode (LEDs) noma ama-laser anezinga eliphansi akhiqiza ukukhanya okukhiphayo okungaguquki nokulawulwayo kumaza obude obufunekayo.

Ukuminyana kwamandla edivayisi, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-irradiance, kuyipharamitha ebalulekile. Inquma ukuthi angakanani amandla okukhanya alethwa endaweni yeyunithi ngayinye futhi ithinta imiphumela yokwelashwa. Iphansi kakhulu, futhi ukwelashwa kungase kungasebenzi; kuphezulu kakhulu, futhi kungaholela ekuphathekeni kabi noma emiphumeleni engahlosiwe. Imishini eminingi esebenza kahle emtholampilo isebenza ngaphakathi kwewindi lokwelapha iqinisekisa ukulethwa kwamandla aphelele ngaphandle kokulimaza.

Enye intuthuko ukwenza ngokwezifiso kwama-wavelengths. Nakuba ukukhanya okubomvu okungama-nanometer angu-630 kuya kwangu-670 kuvamile, ezinye izisetshenziswa zihlanganisa amaza amaza aseduze ne-infrared (700 kuya ku-850 nanometers) angena ajule futhi aqondise izicubu ezingaphansi komhlaba. Ukuhlanganisa lawa maza wamaza kunikeza izendlalelo zesikhumba eziningi, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle okuphelele kokulungisa izicubu ezijulile futhi kukhuthaze ukukhiqizwa kwe-collagen ngempumelelo.

Ukuthuthukiswa komuzwa womsebenzisi kufaka phakathi izikhathi zokwelashwa ezilungisekayo, imiklamo ephathekayo, kanye nokuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone zemithi yomuntu siqu. Izici zokuphepha njengezibali sikhathi ezizenzakalelayo, isilawuli sezinga lokushisa, nezindlela zokuvikela amehlo sezivamile, okwenza ukwelashwa kuphephe kakhudlwana ekhaya noma emitholampilo.

Imishini yezinga lomtholampilo ihlolwa ngokuqinile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusatshalaliswa kokukhanya okufanayo kanye nomthamo ongashintshi. Amanye amadivaysi aphinde asebenzise ubuchwepheshe bokukhanya kwe-pulsed, ukuletha ukukhanya ngezikhathi ezithile kunokuqhubekayo, okungathuthukisa imiphumela yokwelapha futhi kunciphise ukushisisa.

Sekukonke, ukuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe kumishini yokwelapha ukukhanya okubomvu kusiza ukuhumusha isayensi eyinkimbinkimbi ibe yizindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo, ezifinyelelekayo. Ibhalansi phakathi kokuqina kwesayensi kanye nokwenza lula komsebenzisi kuqhubekisele phambili ukwamukelwa okusabalele kwalezi zisetshenziswa ukuze kugcinwe futhi kubuyiselwe impilo yesikhumba.

Izicelo Zomtholampilo kanye Nezinzuzo Zezimo Zesikhumba

Ukwelashwa ngokukhanya okubomvu kubonise ukubaluleka okubanzi komtholampilo kuzo zonke izinto ezikhathazayo zesikhumba. Enye yezinzuzo ezibhalwe kahle ihlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpawu zokuguga ezifana nemibimbi, imigqa emihle, nokuxega kwesikhumba. Izivivinyo zomtholampilo zembula ukuthi ukwelashwa okuphindaphindiwe kungakhuphula ukuminyana kwe-collagen, okuholela esikhumbeni esiqinile, esibushelelezi kanye nokunciphisa ukujula kwemibimbi.

I-acne vulgaris ingenye inkomba evamile. Imiphumela yokukhanya okubomvu eqeda ukuvuvukala kanye nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwezindlala ze-sebaceous kusiza ukunciphisa izilonda ezisebenzayo zezinduna futhi kuvimbele ukuqubuka okusha. Ngokungafani nemithi yokwelapha eqinile noma ama-antibiotics, ukwelashwa ngokukhanya okubomvu kunikeza enye indlela emnene enemiphumela engemihle emincane. Iphinde isheshise ukuphulukiswa kwezibazi zezinduna ngokukhuthaza ukulungiswa kabusha kwe-collagen.

Iziguli ze-Psoriasis kanye ne-eczema zingathola impumuzo ngokusebenzisa ikhono le-red light therapy lokulinganisa izimpendulo zamasosha omzimba nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Nakuba ingelona ikhambi, isebenza njengokwelashwa okuhambisanayo emithi yokwelapha evamile, ukuthuthukisa ukuthungwa kwesikhumba nokucasuka okupholile.

Ekulapheni kwesilonda, ukukhanya okubomvu kusheshisa ukulungiswa kwezicubu ngokuthuthukisa ukwanda kwe-fibroblast, i-angiogenesis (ukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi emisha), nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Le nzuzo idlulela ekunakekelweni kwesikhumba kwangemva kwenqubo, njengangemuva kokuhlinzwa kwezimonyo noma ukwelashwa nge-laser, lapho ukululama okusheshayo kufiseleka kakhulu.

Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa izinzuzo ezingaba khona ezinkingeni ze-pigmentation njenge-melasma, ngokulawula umsebenzi we-melanocyte kanye nokuthuthukisa ukufana kwethoni yesikhumba. Ukwengeza, ukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu kungase kuthuthukise ukugeleza kwesikhumba kanye nomsebenzi wokuvimbela, okwenza isikhumba sibe namandla futhi sibukeke sinempilo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Iziguli zivame ukubika ukuthungwa kwesikhumba okuthuthukisiwe, ukunwebeka, nokukhanya kulandela ukusetshenziswa okungaguquki. Umthelela oqongelelekayo walezi zinzuzo ugcizelela ukuguquguquka kokwelapha ukukhanya okubomvu njengendlela yokwelapha ehambisanayo noma yodwa ku-dermatology.

Ukucatshangelwa, Imikhawulo, kanye Neziqondiso Zesikhathi esizayo ku-Red Light Therapy

Naphezu kwezinzuzo zako eziningi, ukwelapha ukukhanya okubomvu akuyona i-panacea futhi kufanele kusetshenziswe ngokulindelwe okungokoqobo kanye nesiqondiso esifanele. Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zesikhumba nezimo ezisabela ngokulinganayo, futhi imiphumela yokwelashwa incike ezintweni ezifana nekhwalithi yedivayisi, ubude bewaveli, umthamo, imvamisa, kanye nebhayoloji yesikhumba ngayinye.

Umkhawulo owodwa ukuthi imiphumela yokwelapha ukukhanya okubomvu ivamise ukuba kancane kancane, idinga izikhathi eziningi phakathi namasonto kuya ezinyangeni ukuze ubone izinguquko ezinengqondo. Ukuthobela isiguli kanye nokubambelela ezimisweni zokwelapha kubalulekile empumelelweni. Ukwengeza, nakuba imiphumela engemihle ngokuvamile imincane, abanye abantu bangase babe bomvu kancane, ukucasuka, noma ukuzwela, ikakhulukazi uma ukwelashwa kuvame kakhulu noma kushube kakhulu.

Ukuphikisana kuhlanganisa izimo ze-photosensitive noma imithi eyandisa ukuzwela ukukhanya. Abesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nabantu abanezilonda zomdlavuza osebenzayo kufanele bathintane nabahlinzeki bezempilo ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.

Uma sibheka phambili, ucwaningo olusafufusa luhlola ukusebenzisana phakathi kokwelapha ukukhanya okubomvu nezinye izindlela ezifana ne-microneedling, i-topical retinoids, kanye ne-platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Ukuhlanganisa lezi zindlela kungase kukhulise imiphumela futhi kuqondise ukukhathazeka kwesikhumba ngokugcwele.

Ukuqamba okusha kumadivayisi okukhanya okubomvu okugqokekayo nokuhlanganiswa nobuhlakani bokwenziwa kwezinqubo zokwelashwa eziqondene nawe zinesithembiso. Intuthuko ekuqondeni izindlela zamangqamuzana ingase iholele kuzinqubo zokukhanya ezibomvu ezinoveli ezenzelwe amaphrofayili esikhumba ngasinye, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha.

Izivivinyo zomtholampilo eziqhubekayo kanye nemihlahlandlela emisiwe izobaluleka ekuhlanganiseni ukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu ngokugcwele ekusebenzeni kwesikhumba kanye nemikhiqizo yabathengi. Njengoba isayensi iqhubeka, abasebenzisi bangalindela izinketho ezicwengekisiwe, ezisebenzayo, nezifinyelelekayo zokusebenzisa amandla okuphulukisa emvelo esikhumba ngokukhanya.

Sengiphetha, ukwelashwa ngokukhanya okubomvu kumelela ukuhlangana okuthakazelisayo kwe-physics, biology, nobuchwepheshe, okuhlinzeka ngendlela esekelwe ngokwesayensi yokuthuthukisa impilo yesikhumba nobuhle. Ngokugqugquzela ukukhiqizwa kwamandla eselula, ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala, nokukhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kwe-collagen, ukukhanya okubomvu kuqinisa amandla okukhanya ukuze kuvuselele isikhumba ngokwemvelo. Intuthuko kwezobunjiniyela bedivayisi nokwanda kobufakazi bomtholampilo ikwenza kube ukukhetha okudumile kuwo wonke amaqembu obudala nezinhlobo zesikhumba. Nakuba kungesona isixazululo esilingana nosayizi owodwa, ukuqonda isisekelo salo sesayensi kunikeza abasebenzisi amandla okusondela ekwelapheni ukukhanya okubomvu ngokuzethemba nokuqaphela.

Njengoba ucwaningo luqhubeka nokwembula imininingwane emisha kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza, ukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu sekumi ngomumo ukuba kube isisekelo ekunakekelweni kwesikhumba okungahlanyisi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi okokuvimbela ukuguga, izinduna, ukupholisa amanxeba, noma ukuphila kahle kwesikhumba okuvamile, lobu buchwepheshe obukhanyisayo busimema ukuba sicabange kabusha ukuthi ukukhanya kungaba yithuluzi elibalulekile kanjani ekugcineni isikhumba esinempilo, esinempilo.